نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی
نویسندگان
گروه زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
چکیده
زیرساخت‌های فرهنگی در اتخاذ روش‌های مناسب برای آموزش و یادگیری اهمیت دارند. در راستای جایگاه ویژۀ سکوت در فرهنگ ایرانی و نقش آن در تعاملات اجتماعی با معانی گوناگونش، مقالۀ حاضر در چارچوب نظریه‌های هافستد (1991)، هال (1976) و ارتباط اسپربر و ویلسون (1986) به بررسی کارکردهای سکوتِ برگرفته از متون ادبی، دینی و ضرب‌المثل پرداخته است. این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی پس از گردآوری و طبقه‌بندی کل پیکرۀ زبانی (متون ادبی، متون دینی و ضرب‌المثل‌ها) به تجزیه و تحلیل آن‌ها پرداخت است. بررسی آماری، در کارکردهای مختلف سکوت، تفاوت معناداری را نشان داد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که در متون ادبی کارکردهای متنوع‌تری از سکوت مورد توجه بوده است. در متون ادبی و ضرب‌المثل‌ها اولویت با کارکرد عقلانی سکوت و سپس کارکرد اخلاقی آن است. همچنین در متون دینی تأکید بر کارکرد عقلانی و اخلاقی است، با این تفاوت که کارکرد اخلاقی بر کارکرد عقلانی برتری دارد. یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌تواند در ریشه‌یابی عدم گرایش به برقراری ارتباط، افزایش تعامل کلاسی و بهبود مهارت صحبت‌کردن به زبان دوم مؤثر باشد.
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