Document Type : Research Article
Authors
1 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Abstract
Althusser believed governments require toolkits in order to fulfill the desires of the ruling class. He proposed that the old-school mono-system pattern which the earlier Marxist developed, due to which governments functioned solely by repression, is not lacking and does not include every state-related issue because one cannot explain how the society goes under service completely voluntarily. Thus, he divided the governing tools into ideological and repressive and proposed that the constant functions of the ideological state apparatuses keep the society balanced, and the repressive apparatuses back up these very functions by prioritizing violence and force. This research analyzes the instances of the failure of the ideological state apparatuses in the society of A Clockwork Orange. The protagonist, Alex, is a teenager that greatly prizes his identity and individuality. Almost all the ISA-related institutions in this novel, including family, school, media, arts, culture, and religion cannot affect Alex in a meaningful way. Completely and masterly, yet subtle, A Clockwork Orange brings about every part of the ideological state apparatuses as responsible for the fate of the protagonist. The results indicate that ideological states apparatuses in A Clockwork orange are at work but lack the necessary function and that is why Alex does not shape into a citizen.
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