نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زبان انگلیسی، واحد قائم شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قائمشهر، ایران
2 گروه زبان و ادبیات انگلیسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران
چکیده
اخیراً مهارت شنیداری توجّه محقّقان و نیز متخصّصان را در سراسر دنیا به خود جلب کرده است و پژوهش درخصوص استفاده از راهبردهای مهارت شنیداری زبان دوم، بر راهبردهای فراشناختی متمرکز شده است. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تأثیر مداخلۀ فراشناختی از طریق تعامل محاورهای بر مهارت شنیداری چندرسانه‌ای زبان‌آموزان فوق میانی ایرانی زبان انگلیسی به‌عنوان زبان خارجی و آگاهی فراشناختی آنان در مهارت شنیداری می‌پردازد. داده‌ها از طریق 720 زبان‌آموز مذکر و مؤنث ایرانی با سطح فوق میانی و در محدودۀ سنی بین 15 تا 23 سال در سه گروه جمع‌آوری شد. دو گروه اوّل به تعداد 480 نفر از گروه آزمایش توسط برنامۀ مداخلۀ سازمان‌یافته با تمرکز بر آموزش فراشناختی از طریق تعامل محاورهای و آموزش فراشناختی به مدّت 15 جلسه آموزش داده شدند. زبان‌آموزان گروه آزمایش دو بار در هفته و هر بار به مدّت 60 دقیقه تمرین داده شدند. گروه سوم، با عنوان گروه گواه، به تعداد 240 نفر از طریق فعّالیّت‌های شنیداری روتینِ کلاسی بدون دریافت برنامۀ مداخلۀ سازمان‌یافته تمرین داده شدند. آزمون‌های شنیداری چندرسانه‌ای و پرسشنامۀ آگاهی فراشناختی شنیداری برای پیگیری درک مطلب و آگاهی فراشناختی دانش‌آموزان با سطح فوق میانی به کار گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که آموزش فراشناختی از طریق تعامل محاورهای باعث بهبود مهارت شنیداری چندرسانه‌ای و همچنین آگاهی فراشناختی زبان‌آموزان با سطح فوق میانی می‌شود.
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