Research Article
Zeinab Kafi; Mona Tabatabaee Yazdi; Sahar Tabatabaee Farani
Abstract
This study was conducted to prepare the Persian version of the code and validate the professional ethics of university instructors’ scale, considering the approaches of professors of various academic disciplines. First, Farsi translation of the code was prepared; then, the written and oral opinions ...
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This study was conducted to prepare the Persian version of the code and validate the professional ethics of university instructors’ scale, considering the approaches of professors of various academic disciplines. First, Farsi translation of the code was prepared; then, the written and oral opinions of professors of several universities were examined through qualitative phase of data analysis. Next, the Persian version of the code under the four components of commitment to the student, profession, organization and society was presented in the form of 54 propositions. In the quantitative phase, a 7-category scale for measuring professional ethics was prepared based on the code and was given to 200 university professors. The assessment of content fitness and one-dimensionality of the inventory was investigated. Consequently, 6 items were removed and the number of categories was reduced to five. Finally, the scale with 48 items in a 5-category Likert form was developed.
Research Article
marzieh malekshahi; Ghodrat Hassani
Abstract
This paper conducts a postcolonial analysis of A.J. Arberry's 1960 English translation of the Taḏkerat al-awliāʾ (Memorial of God's Friends) by Farid ud-Din ʿAṭṭār. While ʿAṭṭār's 12th-century biographical compilation offers profound insights into Persian Sufi traditions through its portraits ...
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This paper conducts a postcolonial analysis of A.J. Arberry's 1960 English translation of the Taḏkerat al-awliāʾ (Memorial of God's Friends) by Farid ud-Din ʿAṭṭār. While ʿAṭṭār's 12th-century biographical compilation offers profound insights into Persian Sufi traditions through its portraits of Islamic mystics, Arberry's translation reflects mid-20th century Orientalist perspectives common among Western scholars. Through close examination of Arberry's translation strategies—including selective abridgement, extractive appropriation, interpretive additions, mythologizing language, and reductive section divisions—this study reveals how his Orientalist positioning influenced his rendering of the text. The analysis demonstrates how Arberry's ideological framework led him to reshape ʿAṭṭār's work to align with Western expectations and colonial attitudes, thereby reinforcing unequal power dynamics in cross-cultural representation. The paper argues that Arberry's translation choices, from his organizational framework to his selective emphasis, ultimately serve to filter this seminal Persian text through a distinctly Orientalist lens.
Original Article
Elham Safi Keikaleh; Ali Khazaee Farid
Abstract
The history of translation of American fiction into Persian is one of the underresearched areas in translation studies. To fill part of the gap in the literature, the present study aims to identify the influential magazines and publishers in introducing and translating American fiction from the beginning ...
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The history of translation of American fiction into Persian is one of the underresearched areas in translation studies. To fill part of the gap in the literature, the present study aims to identify the influential magazines and publishers in introducing and translating American fiction from the beginning to the late 1960s. First, the list of short stories and novels translated during the period under study was extracted from the bibliographies and other related resources. Then, by referring to the original works and the information contained therein, the bibliography of American novels and short stories which were translated into Persian from the beginning to the end of 1970 was compiled. In the next stage, given the information related to the publishers of the works listed in the compiled bibliography, we identified those publishers who had a significant role in introducing American works to Iranians as well as in the flourishing of the translation of these works in the 50s and the 60s. The results suggest that the translation of American stories began piecemeal in the 1920s through institutions such as Khavar and Biryani Shabistari and flourished from the late 1940s to the 1960s with the establishment of institutions such as Ibn-e Sina, Amirkabir, Keyhan and particularly, Franklin Book Program.
Research Article
Roya Monsefi
Abstract
The present descriptive-comparative case study used purposive sampling based on the framework of Tabibzadeh. Fifteen translations of the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn were examined to determine the translators' strategies in transferring the ideological load of the original text and the ups ...
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The present descriptive-comparative case study used purposive sampling based on the framework of Tabibzadeh. Fifteen translations of the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn were examined to determine the translators' strategies in transferring the ideological load of the original text and the ups and downs of social-class conflicts between the characters through their use of language. The narrator of the story was an illiterate boy who spoke in non-standard English which could make the translation challenging for the translators. The analysis of the mentioned 15 translations revealed that when the translators brought the text closer to the conversation by using informal words and conversational syntax, the translation had more coherence, and when the translators used non-standard colloquial words the transparency and fluency of the text were disrupted which could ultimately lead to serious loss in Persian language by introducing unfamiliar words.
Research Article
nosrat hejazi; Maryam Davoudi
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the trilingual advertisment of Emirates airlines by three levels of analysis in translatological eco-paradigm presented by Gangshen Hu in (2004/2020). It seeks to investigate how does this company increase the effectiveness and acceptance of its brand in the destination ...
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the trilingual advertisment of Emirates airlines by three levels of analysis in translatological eco-paradigm presented by Gangshen Hu in (2004/2020). It seeks to investigate how does this company increase the effectiveness and acceptance of its brand in the destination ecosystem by "adapting" and "selecting" the (para/peri)text of its advertisements? It is assumed that, the (para/peri)textual elements accommodated in the content & form of the ad, and also adequate “adaptation” and “selection” of linguistico-cultural ecosystems would maximize the optimal communicative effect on target audience.The results indicate that the (para/perه)textual elements (color, sound, schema, logo...) in the Emirates advertisements are more prominent than the linguistic aspects. Also, the "cultural dimension" has achieved a higher level of paratextual language by selecting multiple elements, codes and universal symbols (such as rhythm, dance, and physical-sportive movements) and therefore has created a higher impact factor among audiences.
Research Article
Mostafa Mohammadi; Zahra AhmadpourKasgari
Abstract
In general, anxiety plays a significant role in learning and especially in learning foreign languages. It should be noted that this kind of feelings may become an insoluble problem in learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) for students and even lead to dropping out among them. The current study ...
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In general, anxiety plays a significant role in learning and especially in learning foreign languages. It should be noted that this kind of feelings may become an insoluble problem in learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) for students and even lead to dropping out among them. The current study has used the capacity of existing studies in this field, which have expanded more in recent years, and especially the relevant articles in 2023 and 2024. By combining psychological studies in the field of anxiety with educational studies in this field, a comprehensive and practical summary has been obtained. By deriving 23 strategies to reduce foreign language anxiety in the classrooms teaching English as a foreign language, this study contributes to the development of students' linguistic abilities and the teaching improvements in English language institutions of the country.
Research Article
Reza Rezvani
Abstract
This article explores the foreign language learning status, particularly English, among Deaf and hard-of-hearing learners in Iran, highlighting their unique challenges and effective teaching methodologies. It examines disability models—medical and social—and their effects on education for ...
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This article explores the foreign language learning status, particularly English, among Deaf and hard-of-hearing learners in Iran, highlighting their unique challenges and effective teaching methodologies. It examines disability models—medical and social—and their effects on education for individuals with hearing impairments. The significance of sign language as the primary communication method for the Deaf community is emphasized, along with the importance of early exposure to enhance linguistic and cognitive skills. Learning approaches for Deaf children incorporate auditory and visual techniques, with technologies like hearing aids supporting auditory enhancement, while Iranian Sign Language facilitates visual communication. The article also critiques English instruction limitations in Iran, advocating for sign language proficiency among teachers. Recommendations include increasing awareness of Deaf culture, developing tailored curricula, and creating accessible educational environments to improve foreign language acquisition and communication skills for Deaf individuals.
Research Article
Kaveh Bolouri
Abstract
By Employing Hermans’ (2022) approach to translation historiography and drawing on Baker’s (2006) narrative theory along with the notion of framing through selective appropriation, the present study focuses on the first forty-one issues of Ruznameh-ye Vaqaye’e Etefaqiyeh to investigate ...
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By Employing Hermans’ (2022) approach to translation historiography and drawing on Baker’s (2006) narrative theory along with the notion of framing through selective appropriation, the present study focuses on the first forty-one issues of Ruznameh-ye Vaqaye’e Etefaqiyeh to investigate the role of translation in challenging the discourse of royal despotism and crystallizing the discourse of progress as a result in Iran under Qajar Dynasty. To do so, first the translated section in the newspaper was analyzed to see what texts had been selected for translation. The data was then organized around some themes to see how the selected news had (re)narrated the royal despotism discourse. The results showed that the greatest number of news items had concentrated on political/intellectual developments in Europe which clearly undermined the discourse in question.
Research Article
Rajabali Askarzadeh Torghabeh; Farid Mashhadi
Abstract
One of the features in nonsense style is the related character which can be studied from different angles. One of the stylistic areas in which nonsense characters have received less attention is the aspect of how they interact with Grice's rules for linguistic cooperation or cooperative principles. Then, ...
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One of the features in nonsense style is the related character which can be studied from different angles. One of the stylistic areas in which nonsense characters have received less attention is the aspect of how they interact with Grice's rules for linguistic cooperation or cooperative principles. Then, one should examine how the character(s) of that work interact(s) with Grice's rules: does he always deal with these rules in a fixed way, or in a variable way? The result can lead to a better understanding of the character(s) of the nonsense style, which in turn will bring us closer to the definition of what some thinkers consider undefinable for this style. The present research first shows how J.D. Salinger’s A Perfect Day for Bananafish belongs to the nonsense genre, and then proves that the relationship between nonsense character(s) and the Gricean maxims are variable and complex.
Research Article
Mojtaba Khalifeh; Ali Najafzadeh; Saeed Ameri
Abstract
Despite their significance, translation studies scholars have given little scholarly attention to periodicals. This study aims to elucidate the status of translation, the language of translation, the content of translated texts, the backgrounds of the translators and societal reactions to translation ...
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Despite their significance, translation studies scholars have given little scholarly attention to periodicals. This study aims to elucidate the status of translation, the language of translation, the content of translated texts, the backgrounds of the translators and societal reactions to translation in the three magazines of Danesh, Al-Kamal, and Dabestan. Findings indicate that translation held significant importance in these magazines, aligning with their objectives. A considerable volume of their content comprised translated texts from French, Arabic and English. The content of these translations encompassed a diverse range of social, cultural and scientific issues, including biographies, novels, and discussions on scientific and religious topics. The translators of these journals were often journalists, merchants, and civil servants who engaged in translation of foreign publications and books informally. Translation within Mashhad had few issues, but translations conflicting with Islamic and Iranian culture faced opposition from clergymen.
Research Article
Shima Ghahari; Roya Chavoshian; Somayeh Baniasad-Azad
Abstract
Abstract: With its dual focus on form and meaning, form-focused instruction (FFI) has increasingly attracted the attention of second language practitioners over the past two decades. What is underrepresented is the effect of variations of FFI across learners and learning contexts. This study investigated ...
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Abstract: With its dual focus on form and meaning, form-focused instruction (FFI) has increasingly attracted the attention of second language practitioners over the past two decades. What is underrepresented is the effect of variations of FFI across learners and learning contexts. This study investigated the impact of integrated and sequential FFI across field sensitivity styles. Forty-eight language learners (Mage=12) sat for a set of pretests, integrated and sequential tasks, and posttests. Following counterbalanced design, field dependent (FD) and field independent (FI) learners received the treatment once integratively and once sequentially. The results of t-test and ANCOVA revealed: (a) Integrated and sequential FFI were equally beneficial for morpho-syntactic development; (b) The sequential group outperformed in pragmatics; (c) FI learners were significantly better in vocabulary development. Following the research findings, language teaching practitioners are recommended to adopt a combination of sequential and integrated FFI to cater for different learners' cognitive styles.
Research Article
Saeed Abbasi-Sosfadi; Mohammad Davoudi; Seyed Mohammad Reza Amirian; Gholamreza Zareian
Abstract
The quality of reading skills largely depends on the application of critical thinking when reading texts. Despite extensive research on critical thinking within the field of ELT, the literature indicates that reading researchers mostly rely on general critical thinking scales, lacking a domain-specific ...
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The quality of reading skills largely depends on the application of critical thinking when reading texts. Despite extensive research on critical thinking within the field of ELT, the literature indicates that reading researchers mostly rely on general critical thinking scales, lacking a domain-specific tool for critical thinking in reading. This study aims to design and validate a multidimensional, self-report psychometric instrument to assess critical thinking in reading among ELT students. Utilizing an interactive reading framework and insights from semi-structured interviews, a hypothetical model of critical thinking was proposed, comprising seven components, leading to the creation of a 41-item scale. Analysis results confirmed that the newly developed scale is a comprehensive measure for assessing critical thinking skills in academic reading among ELT students.
Research Article
Nasser Fallah; Vahid Gafrooi; Moslem F Fatholahi
Abstract
This study investigated the relationships between sense of humor, self-efficacy, and burnout among Iraning EFL (English as a foreign language) teachers. Further, the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between teacher sense of humor and burnout was investigated. To this end one hundred ...
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This study investigated the relationships between sense of humor, self-efficacy, and burnout among Iraning EFL (English as a foreign language) teachers. Further, the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between teacher sense of humor and burnout was investigated. To this end one hundred and seven EFL teachers from private language insitutes were selected by convenience sampling method. The findings of structural equation modeling analysis indicated that sense of humor and self-efficacy could inversely and significantly predict burnout. Further, sense of humor positively related to self-efficacy. Another line of the findings, revealed that self-efficacy significantly mediated the effect of sense of humor on burnout among the EFL teachers. The implications were discussed, and suggestions were made for further research.Keywords: Sense of humor; Self-efficacy; Burnout; EFL teachers
Research Article
Mohammad Sadegh Ghalibafan; Shadab Jabbarpoor; Bahram mowlaie
Abstract
This research investigates the effects of task-based activities with varying cognitive load on the acquisition of morphosyntactic structures by EFL learners, focusing on phrasal verbs and verb phrases. It also examines the predictive role of metacognitive knowledge in learners’ recognition and ...
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This research investigates the effects of task-based activities with varying cognitive load on the acquisition of morphosyntactic structures by EFL learners, focusing on phrasal verbs and verb phrases. It also examines the predictive role of metacognitive knowledge in learners’ recognition and production of these structures. Ninety Iranian EFL learners (58 females, 32 males, aged 18-24) were assigned to three groups: Group A (reading), Group B (reading with textual enhancement), and Group C (reading and text reconstruction). Grammaticality Judgment Tests (GJT) and Editing Tests (ET) evaluated recognition and production. Statistical analyses (regression, correlation, ANOVA) indicated that Group C, with the highest cognitive load, outperformed others. Procedural knowledge correlated with phrasal verb production, while declarative knowledge aligned with structure recognition. Structural Equation Modeling further validated the link between metacognitive knowledge, recognition, and production. The study underscores the importance of cognitively demanding tasks and metacognitive knowledge in improving morphosyntactic learning in EFL contexts.
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