نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 گروه زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
بررسی مطالعات اخیر در حوزۀ ترجمۀ دیداری‌شنیداری حاکی از آن است که پژوهش دربارۀ توصیف شفاهی به‌عنوان یکی از خدمات توانمندسازی و دسترسی آسان به رسانه برای افراد کم/نابینا در بسیاری از نقاط جهان به‌طورقابل‌توجّهی افزایش یافته است، ولی این حوزۀ نوپا در ایران مراحل بسیار اوّلیّۀ توسعه و شکل‌گیری را طی می‌کند. هدف این نوشتار، بررسی و معرّفی این حوزه و ویژگی‌ها و ملاحظات مهم در تولید آن در دنیا و همچنین بررسی وضعیت کنونی و اقدامات اوّلیّۀ انجام‌شده در ایران است. ازاین‌رو، با رویکردی اکتشافی از طریق تحلیل اسناد مربوط و همچنین مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته با فعّالان حوزۀ توصیف شفاهی در ایران، شناختی نسبی در این زمینه به دست آمد و یافته‌های به‌دست‌آمده در شش دسته طبقه‌بندی و تشریح گردید. یافته‌ها نشان داد که بیشترین میزان تولید توصیف شفاهی به‌ترتیب به رادیو و یک گروه مستقل غیردولتی (سوینا) اختصاص دارد و سیما به‌عنوان رسانه‌ای تأثیرگذار، هیچ اقدامی در این زمینه انجام نداده است. به‌علاوه، تولید توصیف شفاهی در رادیو به فیلم‌های بلند سینمایی ایرانی محدود شده، درحالی‌که در گروه خصوصی «سوینا»، تولیدات توصیف شفاهی از تنوّع بیشتری برخوردار است. در پایان، بر اساس موضوعات تشریح‌شده و یافته‌ها، پیشنهادهایی برای پژوهش‌های آتی در این حوزه ارائه شد.
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