نوع مقاله : مقالۀ پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 گروه زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

بررسی مطالعات اخیر در حوزۀ ترجمۀ دیداری‌شنیداری حاکی از آن است که پژوهش دربارۀ توصیف شفاهی به‌عنوان یکی از خدمات توانمندسازی و دسترسی آسان به رسانه برای افراد کم/نابینا در بسیاری از نقاط جهان به‌طورقابل‌توجّهی افزایش یافته است، ولی این حوزۀ نوپا در ایران مراحل بسیار اوّلیّۀ توسعه و شکل‌گیری را طی می‌کند. هدف این نوشتار، بررسی و معرّفی این حوزه و ویژگی‌ها و ملاحظات مهم در تولید آن در دنیا و همچنین بررسی وضعیت کنونی و اقدامات اوّلیّۀ انجام‌شده در ایران است. ازاین‌رو، با رویکردی اکتشافی از طریق تحلیل اسناد مربوط و همچنین مصاحبۀ نیمه‌ساختاریافته با فعّالان حوزۀ توصیف شفاهی در ایران، شناختی نسبی در این زمینه به دست آمد و یافته‌های به‌دست‌آمده در شش دسته طبقه‌بندی و تشریح گردید. یافته­‌ها نشان داد که بیشترین میزان تولید توصیف شفاهی به‌­ترتیب به رادیو و یک گروه مستقل غیردولتی (سوینا) اختصاص دارد و سیما به‌عنوان رسانه‌­ای تأثیرگذار، هیچ اقدامی در این زمینه انجام نداده است. به‌علاوه، تولید توصیف شفاهی در رادیو به فیلم­‌های بلند سینمایی ایرانی محدود شده، درحالی­‌که در گروه خصوصی «سوینا»، تولیدات توصیف شفاهی از تنوّع بیشتری برخوردار است. در پایان، بر اساس موضوعات تشریح‌شده و یافته­‌ها، پیشنهادهایی برای پژوهش‌های آتی در این حوزه ارائه شد.

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