Fatemeh Rezaee Shervedanee; Elham Naji Meidani
Abstract
The concept of “intelligence” lost its one-dimensional sense many years ago and is now considered a multidimensional concept that encompasses all abilities of individuals. One type of intelligence that is based on time-related individual differences is “temporal intelligence”, ...
Read More
The concept of “intelligence” lost its one-dimensional sense many years ago and is now considered a multidimensional concept that encompasses all abilities of individuals. One type of intelligence that is based on time-related individual differences is “temporal intelligence”, which refers to the thoughts, views, and behaviors of people in relation to time. Although this variable has been researched in the field of managerial science, it has not received much attention in the field of education. Since the concept of time is closely related to culture and language, the present study attempted to compare the effects of studying three different languages on students’ temporal intelligence. Two objectives were considered in this study: first, to investigate the effects of studying English, Persian and Arabic languages on students’ temporal intelligence by considering the Applied ELT approach, activity theory, and habitual theory; and second, to investigate the possibility of significant differences among undergraduate students in English, Persian and Arabic in terms of temporal intelligence. For this purpose, the General Temporal Intelligence Scale was completed by 100 students of English language and literature, 100 students of Persian language and literature, and 90 students of Arabic language and literature. The results of the independent samples t-test on the data showed a significantly-negative effect of studying Persian and English on the temporal intelligence of students in these fields (p < 0.05), meaning that the temporal intelligence of second-semester students was higher than the temporal intelligence of eighth-semester students. Regarding the second purpose of the study, the findings indicated that there was a significant difference among these three groups in terms of temporal intelligence; in other words, English students had higher temporal intelligence (p < 0.05). Finally, the results and implications of this study were discussed in the context of language education.
Mohammad Ahmadi Safa; Rahimeh Karbakhsh Ravari
Abstract
Speech act analysis, as a significant aspect of discourse analysis and pragmatics, has increasingly drawn the researchers’ attention since John L. Austin (1962) put forward speech act theory, and ever since then, the study of the linguistic structures of speech acts and their functional values ...
Read More
Speech act analysis, as a significant aspect of discourse analysis and pragmatics, has increasingly drawn the researchers’ attention since John L. Austin (1962) put forward speech act theory, and ever since then, the study of the linguistic structures of speech acts and their functional values have been among the key areas of study in speech act analyses. The present study comparatively explored the manifestations and functions of flattery speech acts in Persian and English languages. To do so, flattery instances were identified and extracted form a corpus of 60 Persian speaking and 60 English speaking film scripts. The speech act instances were extracted from different movie genres including social and family, drama, science-fiction, and romance. The movies were produced between the years 2010-2020. A sample of 343 Persian and 228 English flattery instances were extracted and analyzed on the basis of Hymes’s (1967) model. The obtained results indicated that flattery was used in both Persian and English cultures in order to exert positive influence on the addressees. Moreover, in both languages, the act of flattery was done in both formal and informal situations in an attempt to deceive, compliment, praise, and ridicule. In addition, although flattery speech act was found in both formal and informal situations—in the case of Persian language and culture—, its application in informal and private situations was more frequent than in formal situations. Moreover, the frequency of flattery in Persian language and culture was found to be significantly higher than English.
Mehrnoosh Fakharzadeh; Malihe Amini
Abstract
The international circulation of translation has a core-periphery structure, where literary texts travel mostly from the core to the periphery. The unequal literary translation flows between linguistic groups result from the position a linguisitc group occupies at world level. While various studies have ...
Read More
The international circulation of translation has a core-periphery structure, where literary texts travel mostly from the core to the periphery. The unequal literary translation flows between linguistic groups result from the position a linguisitc group occupies at world level. While various studies have attempted to examine this unequal flow of translation from the central languages to the peripheral ones, few have dealt with the flows in the opposite direction. This study aimed to examine the literary translation flow from Persian to Russian as a semi-central language with a time series approach. This approach is sophisticated enough to reveal hidden patterns in a timed series of data. The data which were derived from the Index Translationum produced by UNESCO, were related to a time span of 30 years, starting in 1979 and ending in 2010. The total number of books translated from Persian to Russian was about 210. Time series analysis revealed a general downward trend in the number of books translated from Persian to Russian over the time span. Another downward trend was found in 1990s, and a cyclical component emerged between 2003 and 2009. A decline in the cultural relations between two countries as a result of the Iranian Revolution and adopting an anti-imperialism view towards Russia, the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 with its socioeconomic consequences, the revival of the Russian literary tradition, and having access to the Western literary movements could be responsible for the downward trends in the data. The cyclical pattern can be attributed to Russia’s Eurasian perspective in the late 1990s and also the constructive diplomatic relations with other states during the presidency of Khatami.
Seyed Mohammad Hosseini-Maasoum; Elahe Alizadeh
Abstract
The translation of Persian poems necessitates the fluency of the translator in source and target languages as well as great knowledge about the delicacies of poetry and the intellectual, social and cultural background of the poet. One of the problems in the process of translation is the incompatibility ...
Read More
The translation of Persian poems necessitates the fluency of the translator in source and target languages as well as great knowledge about the delicacies of poetry and the intellectual, social and cultural background of the poet. One of the problems in the process of translation is the incompatibility of the syntactic structures and morphological and grammatical features of the two languages. The source of many of the attractive ambiguities in Hafez is the different and contradictory interpretations concerning the addressee in his poems. Persian lacks grammatical gender and the third person pronoun in Persian /?u/, which refers to the beloved of Hafez, defies translation since in English, the translator has to use either masculine or feminine pronouns, each of which provoking a different interpretation. The present study surveys samples of the translation of Hafez’s lyrics by three translators, thus analyzing and classifying different methods in the translation of this pronoun.
Fatemeh Heidari; Masoud Khoshsaligheh; Mohamad Reaza Hashemi
Abstract
Apart from the linguistic ability in translation which has constantly been the focus of scholars in the past decades, many recent arguments and research on translation quality point to the indispensable effect of mental and cognitive aspects of translator on his translation performance. In this paper ...
Read More
Apart from the linguistic ability in translation which has constantly been the focus of scholars in the past decades, many recent arguments and research on translation quality point to the indispensable effect of mental and cognitive aspects of translator on his translation performance. In this paper we sought to implement this psychological approach and to investigate the probable relationship between the new-fangled cognitive concept of narrative intelligence in the area of Translation Studies and translation quality (TQ). The likely relationship between narrative intelligence and translation quality from first language (Persian) to foreign language (English) was probed. In this research 104 undergraduate translation students took part. The findings showed that there exist a significant relationship between students' TQ and their narrative intelligence. All the subcategories of narrative intelligence also proved a significant relation between TQ and narrative intelligence. In addition, there was a significant difference between high and low narrative intelligence translation students participating in this study in regards to their TQ. In the end, the findings were discussed and some implications were indicated.
Nadia Ghazanfari Moghaddam; Mohammad Reza Hashemi
Abstract
Language is a system by which all sorts of thoughts and concepts are transmitted and exchanged. On the other hand, translation performs like a tool which eases this exchange of information and makes it interculturally possible. Yet, the translation of cultural terms and concepts has always been a tricky ...
Read More
Language is a system by which all sorts of thoughts and concepts are transmitted and exchanged. On the other hand, translation performs like a tool which eases this exchange of information and makes it interculturally possible. Yet, the translation of cultural terms and concepts has always been a tricky area of translation practice, and for which numerous translation strategies have been proposed. Newmark has also contributed to this area of translation and suggested many strategies and even classifications. Newmark divides cultural terms and concepts into five categories which assumingly should apply for almost all cultural terms. Through a quantitative and qualitative study we attempted to investigate the application of Newmark's Cultural Categories on Persian cultural terms and concepts. To fulfill this aim, three short stories by Jalal- Ale- Ahmad ( which were enriched with cultural terms and concepts) were selected as the corpus of the present study. At the end, based on the extracted and later analyzed data, the five categories although quite handy, did not apply on all Persian cultural terms and concepts. Eventually, three categories were suggested to compensate the Newmark's model.
