Language and Translation Studies (LTS)

Abstract This paper examines the novel Brother of Soul by David Diop, through the analytical lens of Slavoj Žižek, and its focus is the structure of trauma and its impact on the protagonist, Alpha Ndiaye, a Senegalese soldier in World War I. Using Žižek's key concepts, such as “the Real”, “the Symbolic”, and “Object petite a”, the text analyzes how the characters deal with the trauma of war and its impact on identity. It also demonstrates how the trauma of war, as a “Real Event” disrupts the “Symbolic Order”, and leads to alienation and psychological breakdown, highlighting the role of the “Other” in shaping the experience of trauma and the transformation of the main character's identity. Ultimately, this paper provides a deeper understanding of the impact of trauma on the individual and society within the context of war and colonialism, offering new perspectives on postcolonial literary studies and psychoanalysis.

Abstract ‌This study explores the use of nicknames among trilingual youth, investigating the influence of identity, culture, language, and attitudes on their propensity to assign nicknames to others. This research is cross-sectional and uses survey research. Results reveal that nicknames mirror the intricacy of social relations in a trilingual society. Young people’s attitudes towards others’ titles are predominantly negative, while their views on their own titles are more positive. Physical attributes form the basis for the most common nicknames. In this trilingual village, nicknames are primarily given to incapacitated individuals, those with differing religious beliefs, and those who do not share commonalities with the dominant language (Georgian, the native language of the dominant group) and ethnicity. The dominant language group is more inclined to assign titles. Most titles are based on descriptive phrases rather than verbal, prepositional, or adverbial phrases.

Abstract The purpose of the current study was to identify features of national identity in translational and non-translational children’s literature and analyze the contribution of these texts to identity formation of Iranian children. For the purpose of this study, 16 translational and non-translational realistic young adult novels, 8 translational and 8 non-translational, that were published in Iran were scrutinized thoroughly to extract instances of national identity. The instances were extracted based on ethnic-civic categorization of national identity features which is a combination of two taxonomies of the civic and ethnic features of national identity provided by Smith (1991). The extracted instances were carefully analyzed and compared to reach a conclusion. The results of the study revealed that Iranian children’s exposure to features of non-Iranian national identity is twice the number of their exposure to features of Iranian national identity. Furthermore, only some of the aspects of national identity are introduced to children through novels. In fact, the low frequency of some elements of national identity, including economic, ideological, political and legal features, shows that the more complicated aspects of national identity are marginalized in these texts. The study showed that young adult novels have modest contribution to Iranian children’s national consciousness.

Abstract
In this article, the evolution of naming in four generations in one of the governmental organizations in Tehran has been studied and analyzed. Accordingly, 3108 names of those born in the 1300s were collected through the kinship tree. These names were collected in three groups of identities, including religious, national and transnational identities. In addition, since some of the names could not be classified in any of the mentioned groups, the fourth group considered neutral to classify these people. The data obtained in each identity group were analyzed in general and examined based on the gender of individuals using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results show that the names that derived from religious identity have the highest frequency and then come the national, neutral, and transnational names, respectively. The analysis of the evolution of names shows that in the fourth generation, national names were growing, but religious names were declining, and the tendency to use transnational names, which was very negligible in the first generations, increased in later generations. On the other hand, there are names with national and neutral identities that have subcategories of ancient names, celebrities, nature, and concepts, and the results show that old letters have increased in both men and women. However, the conceptual category has a downward trend in men but a growing trend in women.

Abstract
By merging reality and imagination at the heart of fictional components, the French fictional literature of the 20th century could rebuild most of the past incidents through unique narrations. A country’s History, from beyond its realistic and autobiographical literature and stories, can present the country’s identity and frameworks of thought. By resorting to the forgotten events and paying attention to evolutions of storytelling from beyond the sensual and historical experiences, the Second World War, like many other motifs, provided opportunities for contemporary French writers like Patrick Modiano to depict events in which there is no escape for anyone. The story of  Night Rounds is a probing of identity in blur and darkness, depicting realities which are placed at the heart of a nation’s or individual’s memory and distresses far from experience, the depiction of which requires one to resort to the concepts of time and place so as to be able to demonstrate the roots of fictional characters’ identitism or anti-identitism in the realm of memory and narration.
 

Abstract Meena Alexander, a contemporary Indian-American writer and a professor of English Literature and Women’s Studies. The criticism of Dr. Alexander’s poetry and prose brings in many issues that draws upon poststructuralism and postcolonialism. To mention a few, the negotiation of fragmented identity, the problem of belonging, and the challenge of living in a female body are among her concerns. What makes the representation of the body in her writings more problematic is the language of this representation which is a colonial language.